Parents are often tempted to dismiss violent behavior as a “phase” that their children are going through. But violent behavior in children – even as early as preschool age – can indicate deeper problems, in addition to threatening the safety of others. For children and teens, violence can be a means of reacting to psychological discomfort, in the absence of other adequate coping mechanisms.
Factors that increase the likelihood of violent behavior
There is no single trigger that causes a child to exhibit violent tendencies or behaviors. However, a combination of factors does increase a child’s risk of violence. Children who display violent behavior are typically exposed to three or more of the following conditions:
- Previous violent or aggressive behavior
- Suffering physical and/or sexual abuse
- Drug or alcohol abuse
- Genetic or hereditary factors
- Exposure to violence in the home or community
- Exposure to violence in the media, such as TV, movies, or video games
- A combination of family socioeconomic factors, including poverty, divorce, or loss of support from extended family
It is important to note that these factors include physical, social, emotional, and environmental components. While a child or teen may be genetically predisposed to violence, heredity is never the sole cause, and nor is it a certainty that a child with such a disposition will become violent.
Warning signs of violent behavior
There is no set pattern that can predict violent behavior or “type” of child who will engage in violence. Children and teens who are exposed to multiple factors from the list above and show the following signs are most at risk for acting out through violent behavior:
- Intense anger
- Growing easily frustrated
- Extreme irritability
- Frequent loss of self-control; angry outbursts
- Extreme impulsiveness
While these symptoms may sound like “typical teen” behaviors, they are significantly more pronounced than those present in “normal” teen development.
Forms of violent behavior
Violent behavior can take on many forms, including violent temper tantrums. While an occasional temper tantrum may be developmentally normal, extremely aggressive tantrums are a sign of trouble. Among older children, the following violent behaviors are cause for concern:
- Physical aggression or bullying
- Vandalism and destruction of property
- Fighting
- Animal cruelty
- Threats or attempting to hurt others, including homicidal thoughts
- Fire setting and arson
Early detection and treatment are critical to preventing further or escalated violence. Goals of effective treatment include learning anger management skills; accepting responsibility for and consequences of one’s actions; and addressing conflicts within the family, school, and greater community.
Handling violence from a child or teen can be a difficult process. By addressing the problem early, parents can help their children overcome violent tendencies and learn healthy ways to cope with anger and frustration.
The information is provided for general reference purposes. It does not constitute medical or other professional advice and should not be used as a substitute for the medical care and advice of your child and adolescent psychiatrist or other physician.
